Ngaba isakhiwo sokudityaniswa kwentsimbi sinokwenzeka okanye akunjalo?

Njengendlela entsha yokwakha ephuculweyo, isakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sentsimbi sifumene ingqwalasela engakumbi nangakumbi kwimarike yaseTshayina kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye iingenelo zayo kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kwayo kuxoxwe ngokubanzi.

I. Yintoni isakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sentsimbi?

Isakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sentsimbi sibhekisa kwimowudi yesakhiwo esamkela ukwenziwa kwangaphambili kwefektri kunye nokudibanisa kwisiza kwaye isebenzise intsimbi njengesona sakhiwo sithweleyo. Eyona nto iphambili yale ndlela yolwakhiwo kukuba ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi lufakwe ngaphambili kumzi-mveliso kwaye luphantsi kolawulo olungqongqo lomgangatho kunye novavanyo, kwaye ke isakhiwo sonke sigqitywe ngokuthuthwa kunye nendibano yesiza. Xa kuthelekiswa nesakhiwo sesiqhelo sezitena-ikhonkrithi, isakhiwo sendibano yentsimbi sinamandla amakhulu, ukuqina kunye nokuzinza, kwaye siyakwazi ukuthwala imithwalo emikhulu, ngelixa isantya sokwakha sikhawuleza, iindleko ziphantsi, kwaye inokukhusela okusingqongileyo okungcono kunye nokuzinza.

II.Iimpawu zesakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sentsimbi

1. Amandla aphezulu kunye nokuzinza:

Isakhiwo sensimbi esidibeneyo isakhiwo sithatha isinyithi njengesakhiwo sokuthwala, esinamandla amakhulu kunye nokuqina. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokuba intsimbi inomlinganiselo othile weplastiki, inokugcina isakhiwo esizinzileyo naphantsi kwemekobume yendalo eqatha efana neenyikima okanye izaqhwithi zomoya.

2. Isantya sokwakha esikhawulezayo:

Isakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sensimbi sinokulungiswa kwangaphambili kwifektri kwaye sihlanganiswe kwisiza, esinciphisa kakhulu umjikelo wokwakha kunye nexesha. Ekubeni akukho mfuneko yokuthululela ikhonkrithi okanye ukwakha iindonga kwisiza, kunciphisa impembelelo kwimo yendalo kunye nemfuno yabasebenzi.

3. Iindleko eziphantsi:

Isakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sentsimbi sithatha indlela yokwakhiwa kwefektri kunye nendibano ye-site, enokuqonda ukulawulwa kweendleko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokuthutha, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, inokugcina iindleko ezininzi zomntu kunye nezinto eziphathekayo kwinkqubo yokwakha.

4. Ukhuseleko olululo lokusingqongileyo:

Izinto ezisetyenziselwa kwisakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sensimbi zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, ezihambelana nombono wophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ukongeza, njengoko izakhiwo ezenziwe ngaphambili zinokuqonda ukonga umbane kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa, izakhiwo zokuhlanganisa izakhiwo zentsimbi zinokugcina amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo.

III.Ubungakanani besicelo sesakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sentsimbi

Ububanzi besicelo sesakhiwo sensimbi esihlangeneyo sibanzi, kwaye sinokusetyenziswa kwimimandla yezityalo zoshishino, indawo yokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo. Ngokubhekiselele kwisityalo soshishino, isakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sentsimbi sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizityalo, indawo yokugcina impahla kunye nezinye iindawo kuba ineenzuzo zamandla aphezulu, isantya sokwakha ngokukhawuleza kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Kwindawo yokuhlala, iimpawu zesakhiwo sensimbi esihlangeneyo sibonakala ngcono ngenxa yeemfuno zabantu eziphakamileyo neziphezulu kumgangatho wobomi.

Okwangoku, kwintsimi yezorhwebo, isakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sensimbi singasetyenziselwa kwiivenkile zesebe, iihotele, iiholo zemiboniso kunye nezinye iiprojekthi ezinkulu zorhwebo.

IV. Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kwiSakhiwo esiDityanisiweyo seSteel Structure

1. Izinto eziluncedo

(1) Amandla aphezulu kunye nokuzinza:

Isakhiwo sensimbi esidibeneyo isakhiwo sithatha isinyithi njengesona sakhiwo sithwala, esinamandla amakhulu kunye nokuqina kwaye sinokumelana nemithwalo emikhulu.

(2) Isantya sokwakha ngokukhawuleza:

I-prefabrication kunye ne-on-site indibano inokunciphisa kakhulu umjikelo wokwakha kunye nexesha.

(3) Iindleko eziphantsi:

Ngendlela yokwenziwa kwefektri kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwendawo, ukulawulwa kweendleko kunokufezekiswa, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo, iindleko ezininzi zabasebenzi kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zingagcinwa kwinkqubo yokwakha.

(4) Ukhuseleko olululo lokusingqongileyo:

Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwisakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sensimbi zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, ezihambelana nombono wophuhliso oluzinzileyo, kwaye zigcina amandla amaninzi kunye nokunciphisa ukungcola kokusingqongileyo.

2. Izinto ezingeloncedo

(1) Uyilo olunzima:

Ekubeni isakhiwo sensimbi sihlanganiseneyo kufuneka siqwalasele ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko jikelele, kunzima ukuyila kwaye kufuna amagcisa afanelekileyo ukuba abe nolwazi oluphezulu kunye namava.

(2) Ubunzima kulawulo lomgangatho weprojekthi:

Ngenxa yokucwangciswa kwangaphambili kunye nokudibanisa kwisiza, inkqubo yokwakha idinga ulawulo olungqongqo kunye nokulawula umgangatho.

(3) Amaxabiso aphezulu entsimbi:

Ixabiso lentsimbi liphezulu, ngoko ke ixabiso lokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sensimbi liphezulu kakhulu.

(4) I-coefficient enkulu yokwandiswa kwe-thermal:

I-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal yensimbi inkulu, ngoko kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokufanelekileyo kwindlela yokuyila kunye neyokwakha ukuphepha ubungozi obunokhuseleko.

V. Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo

Ukusuka kwimbono ebonakalayo, ukusetyenziswa kwesakhiwo sendibano yesakhiwo sensimbi kuye kwakhuthazwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwimarike yaseTshayina. Ngenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nemarike, amashishini amaninzi nangaphezulu aqalise ukubandakanyeka kule ntsimi, ekhuthaze ukuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwalo mzekelo wokwakha.

Ngokwezibalo, indawo epheleleyo yesakhiwo sentsimbi edibeneyo yezakhiwo e-China ifikelele kwi-120 yezigidi zeemitha ze-square ngo-2019, ngaphezulu kwe-50% ngonyaka. Ngexesha elifanayo, kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ezifana neenyikima, imililo kunye nezinye iindawo zeentlekele, izakhiwo zensimbi ezihlangeneyo zezakhiwo zibonisa ngcono i-seismic kunye nokumelana nomlilo.

VI. Ukuqukumbela

Ukushwankathela, isakhiwo sentsimbi esidibeneyo isakhiwo sineenzuzo ezininzi kunye nemingeni. Njengoshishino olusakhulayo, isakhiwo sentsimbi esidityanisiweyo sisafuna ukuphuculwa kwaye sihlaziywe ukuze sikhonze ngcono ubomi babantu kunye neemfuno zophuhliso. Kwixesha elizayo, ngohlaziyo oluqhubekayo lomgaqo-nkqubo, imarike kunye nobuchwepheshe, kukholelwa ukuba isakhiwo sentsimbi esidityanisiweyo siya kuthatha indawo ebaluleke ngakumbi kwimarike yokwakha yaseChina kwaye ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yentsimi yokwakha yanamhlanje.