Ulwakhiwo lweNsimbi yesiKhululo sikaloliwe

isikhululo sikaloliwe isakhiwo intsimbi

I-EIHE STEEL STRUCTURE ngumvelisi wesakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe kunye nomthengisi e-China. Siye sikhethekileyo kwisakhiwo sensimbi yesitimela iminyaka engama-20. Isakhiwo sensimbi yesitishi sikaloliwe ngokuqhelekileyo sibhekisela kwisakhelo sesakhiwo sesikhululo okanye iqonga elakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngentsimbi. Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ekwakhiweni kwesikhululo sikaloliwe kuyathandwa ngenxa yamandla kunye nokuqina, kunye nokukwazi ukuxhasa iindawo ezinkulu kunye nemithwalo enzima. Ukongezelela, izakhiwo zetsimbi zihlala zikhaphukhaphu kunezinye izinto zokwakha, ezinokunciphisa ixesha lokwakha kunye neendleko.

Eminye imizekelo yezikhululo zikaloliwe ezinezakhiwo zentsimbi eziqaphelekayo ziquka iSikhululo esiPhakathi seGrand kwisiXeko saseNew York, isikhululo sikaloliwe iKing's Cross eLondon, kunye nesikhululo saseGare de Lyon-Saint-Exupéry eFransi. Intsimbi ikwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kulwakhiwo lwamaqonga kaloliwe, iibhulorho, kunye neetonela

yintoni isakhiwo sentsimbi kwisikhululo sikaloliwe?

Isakhiwo sentsimbi yesitishi sikaloliwe sibhekisa ekusetyenzisweni kwentsimbi njengeyona nto iphambili kulwakhiwo lwezikhululo zikaloliwe. Olu hlobo lolwakhiwo lubonelela ngezinto ezininzi ezintle ezinje ngamandla, ukuqina, kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola, nto leyo eyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwizikhululo zikaloliwe ezifuna ukumelana nemithwalo enzima kunye nemingeni yokusingqongileyo.

Ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe ngokuqhelekileyo lubandakanya isakhelo esiphambili, uphahla, kunye nokugquma. Isakhelo esiphambili siqulethe iintsika zetsimbi kunye nemiqadi exhasa isakhiwo sonke. La malungu ensimbi aklanyelwe ukujamelana namandla e-seismic, imithwalo yomoya, kunye nezinye iingozi zendalo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwesitishi.

Uphahla lwesakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe luhlala luyilwe ukuba lusebenze kwaye luthandeke. Isenokuba neemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye noyilo, ngokuxhomekeke kwisitayile soyilo kunye neemfuno zesitishi. Uphahla luxhaswa ngeentsimbi zetsimbi okanye ii-arches ezihambisa ubunzima ngokulinganayo kwisakhiwo.

Ukugquma kwesakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe kubhekiselele kwizinto zangaphandle ezisetyenziselwa ukugubungela nokukhusela iindonga kunye nophahla. Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokugquma zibandakanya amashiti esinyithi, iipaneli ezigqunyiweyo, kunye neglasi. Ezi zinto zikhethwa ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, ukumelana nemozulu, kunye nokulula ukugcinwa.

Ukongeza kwizinto eziphambili zesakhiwo, isakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe sinokubandakanya iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezincedisayo ezifana nezitebhisi, izinyusi kunye namaqonga. Ezi nkqubo zihlanganiswe kwisakhiwo sensimbi ukubonelela ukufikelela ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokujikeleza ngaphakathi kwesitishi.

Uyilo kunye nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngenyameko kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo, ukuxhathisa kwenyikima, ukuqina, kunye nobuhle. Ikwabandakanya ulungelelwaniso lwezifundo zobunjineli ezahlukeneyo ezifana nobunjineli bolwakhiwo, ulwakhiwo, nobunjineli boomatshini ukuqinisekisa ukugqitywa ngempumelelo kweprojekthi.

Isishwankathelo, isakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe lukhetho oluqinileyo noluhlala luhleli kulwakhiwo lwezikhululo zikaloliwe. Inika amandla abalaseleyo, ukuchasa ukubola, kunye nokuguquguquka kuyilo, okwenza ukuba ilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

uhlobo lwesakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezakhiwo zentsimbi zesikhululo sikaloliwe ezisetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezikhululo zikaloliwe. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:

Izakhiwo zefreyimu yePortal: Ezi zifreyimu zetsimbi ezibandakanya iikholomu kunye nemiqadi, eyenziwa ngokubanzi ngamacandelo a-I. Iifreyimu zePortal ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ezibanzi kunye nezakhiwo, ezinje ngamaqonga ezikhululo zikaloliwe kunye neeholo zesikhululo.

Izakhiwo zetrasi: I-truss sisikhokelo esenziwe ngoonxantathu abadibeneyo. Izakhiwo zentsimbi yentsimbi zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwakhiweni kophahla lwesikhululo sikaloliwe kunye neebhulorho.

Izakhiwo ze-Arch: Izakhiwo ze-Arch zenziwe ngeepali ezigobileyo ezixhasa uphahla okanye isilingi. Izakhiwo ze-arch zensimbi ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kweendawo zokungena kwisikhululo sikaloliwe, kunye noyilo lweenkqubo zophahla lwesikhululo sikaloliwe.

Izakhiwo ezixhaswe ngekhebula: Ezi zizakhiwo apho iintambo zisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa uphahla okanye isakhiwo. Izakhiwo ezixhaswe ngeentambo zentsimbi zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiikhenopi zesikhululo sikaloliwe, ngokunjalo nakuyilo lweebhulorho zabahambi ngeenyawo.

Izakhelo zesakhelo sesithuba: Ezi zizikhokelo ezinemigangatho emithathu ezenziwe ngezinto ezidityanisiweyo zesakhiwo. Izakhiwo zesakhelo sendawo ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zophahla lwesikhululo sikaloliwe, kunye nokwakhiwa kweeholo zesikhululo kunye neeatriums.

iinkcukacha zesakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe

Uyilo kunye neenkcukacha zezakhiwo zetsimbi zesitimela zinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno kunye neemfuno zesikhululo ngasinye. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amacandelo amaninzi abalulekileyo kunye neempawu ezibandakanyiweyo kuyilo lwezakhiwo zentsimbi zesikhululo sikaloliwe.

Imiqadi: Imiqadi yentsimbi isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ubunzima bophahla, iqonga, okanye nayiphi na enye inxalenye ethwele umthwalo wesakhiwo. Zinokuthi zithe tye okanye zigobe, kuxhomekeke kuyilo oluthile.

Iikholamu: Iikholamu zentsimbi zisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ubunzima obuthe nkqo besakhiwo okanye isakhiwo. Iikholamu zinokubekwa ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo ukunika inkxaso, okanye zinokucwangciswa ngokweepateni ezithile ngenjongo yobuhle okanye ukuyila.

Iitrasi: Iitrasi zentsimbi zisetyenziselwa ukuhamba umgama omkhulu kunye nokuxhasa ubunzima bophahla okanye isilingi. Ziquka uchungechunge lweenxantathu ezidibeneyo, ezibonelela ngamandla kunye nokuzinza.

Uqhagamshelo: Ukudityaniswa kwentsimbi kusetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo esakhiwo kunye, njengemiqadi kunye neentsika. Uhlobo loxhulumaniso olusetyenzisiweyo luya kuxhomekeka kwimithwalo kunye nemikhosi eya kufuneka ukuba isakhiwo simelane nayo.

I-Cladding: Intsimbi yentsimbi isetyenziselwa ukugquma umphandle wesakhiwo, ukubonelela ngokhuseleko kwizinto kunye nokunika isakhiwo inkangeleko ebukekayo. I-cladding ingenziwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana neepaneli zentsimbi, iglasi, okanye ilitye.

Ngokubanzi, izakhiwo zentsimbi zesikhululo sikaloliwe ziyilelwe ukuba zomelele, zomelele, kwaye zisebenze kakuhle, ngelixa zikwabonelela ngendawo enomtsalane nesebenzayo kubakhweli kunye neendwendwe.

inzuzo yesakhiwo sentsimbi yesikhululo sikaloliwe

Izakhiwo zentsimbi yesitishi sikaloliwe zineenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kwezinye izinto zokwakha, kuquka:

Ukomelela kunye noKuhlala ixesha elide: Intsimbi yinto eyomeleleyo kwaye ihlala ixesha elide enokumelana neemeko zemozulu ezigqithisileyo, iimpembelelo kunye nemithwalo. Oku kuyenza ilungele ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zesikhululo sikaloliwe kunye nezakhiwo ezifuna ukuhlala ixesha elide.

Ixabiso-Ngempumelelo: Izakhiwo zentsimbi zixabisa kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto. Bafuna imathiriyeli encinci, umsebenzi, kunye nexesha lokwakha, nto leyo enokunceda ukunciphisa iindleko zeprojekthi iyonke.

Isantya soKwakha: Izakhiwo zentsimbi zinokuthi zenziwe ngaphambili, kwaye emva koko zihlanganiswe ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yokwakha. Le nkqubo inokugcina ixesha kwaye ikhawulezise inkqubo yokwakha.

Ukuguquguquka kunye noKhetho loYilo: Izakhiwo zetsimbi ziguquguquka kakhulu kwaye zinokulungiswa ngokulula ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zoyilo. Zisenokutshintshwa okanye zandiswe kamva, ukuba ziyafuneka.

Izinzile kwaye inokuphinda isetyenziswe: Intsimbi yimathiriyeli egcineke kakhulu, kwaye inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye iphinde isetyenziswe amatyeli amaninzi ngaphandle kokuphulukana nentembeko yesakhiwo. Oku kwenza ukuba izakhiwo zentsimbi zibe yindlela yokusingqongileyo yokwakhiwa kwesikhululo sikaloliwe.

Ngokubanzi, izakhiwo zetsimbi zesikhululo sikaloliwe zibonelela ngeendleko-esebenzayo, ezomeleleyo, ezomeleleyo, kunye nesisombululo esizinzileyo sokwakha iziseko zesikhululo sikaloliwe.

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IZakhiwo zeSikhululo sikaloliwe

I-EIHE STEEL STRUCTURE ngumvelisi wezakhiwo zesikhululo sikaloliwe kunye nomthengisi eTshayina. Besikhethekileyo kwizakhiwo zesikhululo sikaloliwe iminyaka engama-20. Izakhiwo zezikhululo zesikhululo sikaloliwe zizakhiwo eziyilwe ngokukodwa zaza zakhiwe ukuze zisetyenziswe njengezikhululo zikaloliwe. Ezi zakhiwo ziyilelwe ukuququzelela ukuhamba kwabakhweli kunye noololiwe ngelixa zibonelela ngobume obutofotofo kubahambi. Izakhiwo zezikhululo zikaloliwe zanamhlanje zihlala ziyilwe ngendlela ebukekayo, eneempawu ezikhethekileyo zokwakha kunye neendawo ezinkulu ezivulekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo babandakanya uluhlu lwezinto zokwakha, ezifana nentsimbi, iglasi, ikhonkrithi kunye neenkuni. Izitishi ezininzi zikwabonisa izinto ezinje ngezikhanyiso zasesibhakabhakeni, iiescalators, kunye neelevators ukuphucula ukufikeleleka kunye nokuhamba kwabakhweli. Ukongeza kwisakhiwo esikhulu sesikhululo, izakhiwo zesikhululo sikaloliwe zinokuba namaqonga, iikhenopi, kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezibonelela ngekhusi kubakhweli abalinde oololiwe. Ezi zakhiwo zidla ngokuyilwa ukuba zomelele kwaye zimelane nemozulu, zibonelela ngokhuseleko emvuleni, emoyeni, nakwezinye izinto ezisingqongileyo. Ezinye izinto eziqhele ukufunyanwa kwizakhiwo zesikhululo sikaloliwe ezibandakanya iikhawuntara zamatikiti, amagumbi okulinda, iivenkile, iindawo zokutyela kunye nezinye izinto eziluncedo. Ezi mpawu zenza izikhululo zikaloliwe zikhululeke ngakumbi kwaye zilungele abahambi, kwaye zinceda ukudala imvakalelo yoluntu kunye noqhagamshelo kwindawo ejikelezileyo.

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ISikhululo sikaloliwe seSithili esiKhanya esiSekelweyo

I-EIHE STEEL STRUCTURE i-prefabricated light steel structure umenzi wesikhululo sikaloliwe kunye nomthengisi e-China. Siye sikhethekileyo kwisikhululo sikaloliwe esilungiselelwe ukwakhiwa kwentsimbi yokukhanya iminyaka engama-20. Isikhululo sikaloliwe esakhiwe ngentsimbi ekhaphukhaphu sisikhululo sikaloliwe esakhiwe ngesakhelo sentsimbi esikhaphukhaphu esenziwe kwangaphambili sadityaniswa ngaphandle kwesiza ngaphambi kokuba sithuthwe kwaye sihlanganiswe kwindawo. Le ndlela yokwakha inika inani leenzuzo ngaphezu kweendlela zokwakha eziqhelekileyo, kuquka ixesha elincitshisiweyo lokwakha, iindleko eziphantsi, kunye nokuphuculwa kokhuseleko lokwakha. Izakhiwo zetsimbi ezikhanyayo zenziwe kwiipaneli zetsimbi ezinqabileyo, eziguquguqukayo, eziguquguqukayo, ezilula ukuthutha kunye nokudibanisa. Ezi zakhiwo zikwamelana kakhulu nezinto ezisingqongileyo ezifana nomhlwa, umlilo, kunye nomsebenzi wenyikima, nto leyo ezenza zibe sisixhobo esifanelekileyo sokwakha izikhululo zikaloliwe. Isakhiwo sentsimbi esele silungisiwe izitishi zikaloliwe zihlala zakhiwe kuyilo lwezakhiwo zanamhlanje, ezinefestile ezinkulu zeglasi kunye neendawo ezivulekileyo ezenza indawo eqaqambileyo neyamkelekileyo kubahambi. Izindlela zokwakha iimodyuli ezisetyenziselwa ukwakha ezi zikhululo zivumela abakhi bezakhiwo kunye nabaphuhlisi ukuba benze ngokwezifiso ukuyila ukuze kuhambelane neemfuno ezithile zendawo, ngelixa kunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yenkqubo yokwakha.

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Izikhululo zikaloliwe zeMetal Frame

I-EIHE STEEL STRUCTURE ngumvelisi wesikhululo sikaloliwe esakhelo seMetal kunye nomthengisi eTshayina. Siye sikhethekileyo kwizikhululo zikaloliwe zesakhelo seMetal iminyaka engama-20. Izikhululo zikaloliwe zesakhelo sesinyithi luhlobo lwesikhululo sikaloliwe esibonisa isakhelo sesinyithi njengeyona nto iphambili yolwakhiwo. Ezi zikhululo ziyilelwe ukuba zibe khaphukhaphu, zomelele, kwaye kube lula ukuzihlanganisa. Omnye umzekelo ophawulekayo wesikhululo sikaloliwe sesakhelo sentsimbi sisikhululo sikaloliwe iCrystal Palace, esakhiwa eLondon ngo-1854 kuMboniso oMkhulu. Esi sikhululo sasinesakhiwo esikhulu sentsimbi kunye neglasi esibude buziimitha ezingama-1,800, kwaye yayingomnye wemizekelo yokuqala yesakhiwo esikhulu sesakhelo sentsimbi. Namhlanje, izikhululo zikaloliwe zanamhlanje zifaka iifreyimu zentsimbi kuyilo lwazo ukuze zenze iindawo ezinkulu, ezivulekileyo ezibukekayo. Ezi zikhululo zihlala zibonakalisa intsimbi okanye iifreyimu zealuminiyam, kwaye zinokubandakanya izinto ezinjengeglasi okanye ikhonkrithi ukwenza inkangeleko eyodwa kunye nokuziva. Eminye imizekelo yezikhululo zikaloliwe zesakhelo sentsimbi zanamhlanje ziquka iBerlin Hauptbahnhof eJamani kunye nesikhululo sikaloliwe saseLiège-Guillemins eBelgium.

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Izikhululo zikaloliwe ezenziwe ngentsimbi

I-EIHE STEEL STRUCTURE ngumvelisi wezikhululo zikaloliwe ezenziwe ngentsimbi kunye nomthengisi eTshayina. Siye sikhethekileyo kwizikhululo zikaloliwe ezenziwe nge-Steel iminyaka engama-20. Izikhululo zikaloliwe ezenziwe ngentsimbi ziya zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Isakhiwo sensimbi ye-EIHE yinkampani ehamba phambili yentsimbi kunye nemigodi ekwabonelela ngezisombululo zokwakha. Sinamava ekuqulunqeni nasekwakheni izitishi zikaloliwe ezenziwe ngentsimbi, sigxile ekuzinzeni nasekuqaliseni izinto ezintsha.

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Njengobuchwephesha be- Ulwakhiwo lweNsimbi yesiKhululo sikaloliwe umenzi kunye nomthengisi e-China, sinefektri yethu kwaye sinikezela ngamaxabiso afanelekileyo. Nokuba ufuna iinkonzo ezilungiselelweyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zommandla wakho okanye ufuna ukuthenga umgangatho ophezulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsiUlwakhiwo lweNsimbi yesiKhululo sikaloliwe, ungasishiya umyalezo ngeenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano kwiphepha lewebhu.