Ziziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokudityaniswa kwentsimbi?

Ukudibanisa zizinto ezakhiweyo ezisetyenziselwa ukujoyina amalungu ahlukeneyo kwisakhelo sensimbi yesakhiwo. I-Steel Structure yindibano yamalungu ahlukeneyo anje nge "Beams, Columns" ezidityaniswe enye kwenye, ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-fasteners ekupheleni kwelungu ukuze ibonise iyunithi enye edibeneyo.

Amacandelo oqhagamshelwano

• Iibholithi
• Weld
• Amacwecwe okudibanisa
• Ukuqhagamshela ii-engile

Ukudibanisa kwizakhiwo zetsimbi

·Uqhagamshelo oluNikiweyo

Ngaba ukhe wazibona iibhulorho, oololiwe, iibhoyila, iinqwelo-moya, okanye izakhiwo ezikhulu ezibambene kunye nesakhiwo esifana neqhosha? Ewe, elo qhosha libizwa ngokuba yiRivet. Amalungu adibeneyo luhlobo lwe-fastener yomatshini esetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amaqhekeza amabini nangaphezulu ezinto kunye. Ziquka uluhlu lwee-rivets, ezifakwe kwimingxuma kwizinto eziphathekayo kwaye emva koko zikhubazeke okanye "zibeke" endaweni ukuze zenze ukudibanisa okukhuselekileyo.

I-rivet yintonga ejikelezayo esetyenziselwa ukudibanisa izakhiwo zentsimbi ezimbini njengoko izihlanganisi ezenziwe kule ntsimbi ethambileyo okanye iintonga zobhedu zomelele kunezidibaniselwano ezidityanisiweyo kwaye zibonelela ngokukhawuleza.

Umzobo 1: Isakhiwo seRivet

Ngamagama alula, i-riveted joint luhlobo olusisigxina lwe-fastener esetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iipleyiti zetsimbi okanye amacandelo ensimbi adibeneyo. La malungu asetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo zetsimbi okanye imisebenzi yezakhiwo ezifana neebhulorho, iitrasi zephahla, kunye neenqanawa zoxinzelelo ezifana neetanki zokugcina kunye neebhoyila.

·Uqhagamshelo oluBolted

Umdibaniso obotshiweyo uphakathi kwezona zidityani zixhaphakileyo. Ziyeyona ndlela iphambili yokuhanjiswa komthwalo kumacandelo omatshini. Izinto eziphambili zokudibanisa i-bolted yi-fastener ene-threaded kunye ne-nut ekhusela ukukhulula ibholithi.

Amalungu aqhotsiweyo asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo kunye noyilo lomatshini njengendlela yokudibanisa iinxalenye kunye. Olu hlobo lwejoyinti lubandakanya isiqhoboshi esinemisonto eyindoda, esifana nebholithi, kunye nentambo yesijivu somfazi ehambelanayo ekhusela amanye amalungu endaweni. Amalungu oxinzelelo kunye namalungu okucheba zezona ntlobo ziphambili zoyilo oludityanisiweyo oludityanisiweyo. Ngelixa ezinye iindlela zokujoyina, ezibandakanya i-welding, i-riveting, i-adhesives, i-press fits, izikhonkwane, kunye nezitshixo, nazo zixhaphakile, amajoyina adibeneyo asetyenziswa rhoqo ukudibanisa izinto kunye nokwenza izakhiwo zoomatshini. Ngokusisiseko, ikhonkco elibolted yindibaniselwano yesiqhoboshi kunye ne nut, enebhowuthi ende kunye ne nut ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo.

IiJoyinti eziBolted zichazwa njengamalungu ahlukeneyo asetyenziselwa ukubamba iinxalenye zoomatshini kunye ngendlela yokuqinisa intambo, oko kukuthi ibholiti kunye ne nut. Ekubeni ezi zidityaniso zezodidi ezingezizo ezisisigxina, amalungu anokudityaniswa ukuze agcinwe, ahlolwe, aze afakwe endaweni yawo ngaphandle kokubeka ingozi kumalungu ngamnye.

I-Bolted Joints iphezulu kakhulu kumalungu asisigxina afana ne-welds kunye ne-rivets, ebangela ingozi kumacandelo xa amacandelo echithwa. Izicelo ziquka ukudibanisa iinxalenye ezimbini ezifuna ukuqhawuka ngamaxesha athile.

Amalungu adityanisiweyo awenziwe ikakhulu ngamacandelo amabini. Yindibaniselwano ye-fastener kunye ne-nut. Iquka ibholithi ende ene nut kuyo. Ibholithi ifakwe kumngxuma ogrunjwe kwangaphambili kumacandelo, kwaye i-nut iqiniswe kwintambo yokukhwelana yebholiti. Uqhagamshelo lwebholiti ligama elidityanisiweyo lebholithi kunye ne nut.

Imisonto idalwe ngokudala i-helical groove ngaphandle kwe-shaft ejikelezayo okanye umngxuma. Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweendawo zokusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kweendawo eziboshiweyo. Kukho imilinganiselo emiselweyo yazo zonke ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba i-bolted joints iyatshintshiselwa kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo.

Umzobo 1: I-Bolted Joint Diagram

·Uqhagamshelo oludityanisiweyo

IINTLOBO ZOKUQHAGAMSHELWA KWE-WELDED

Iindidi ezisisiseko ze-welded joints zingahlelwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ze-welds, indawo ye-welds kunye nohlobo lokudibanisa.

1. Ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwe-weld

Ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwe-weld, ii-welds zingahlelwa kwi-weld ye-fillet, i-groove weld (okanye i-butt weld), i-plug weld, i-slot weld, i-spot weld njl.

1.1. Iiweldi zeGroove (iiweld zempundu)

I-Groove welds (i-butt welds) kunye ne-fillet welds zibonelelwa xa amalungu adityanisiweyo afakwe kumgca. Iiwelds zeGroove zixabisa kakhulu kuba zifuna ukulungiswa. I-Groove welds ingaqeshwa ngokukhuselekileyo kumalungu agxininiswe kakhulu. Iiwelds zeempundu ezisikwere zibonelelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwipleyiti yobukhulu obuyi-8mm kuphela. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-welds ze-butt zibonisiwe kuMfanekiso we-16.

1.2. Ii welds zefillet

I-Fillet welds ibonelelwa xa amalungu amabini ukuba adityaniswe kwiinqwelomoya ezahlukeneyo. Ekubeni le meko yenzeka rhoqo, i-fillet welds ixhaphake kakhulu kune-butt welds. I-Fillet welds kulula ukwenza njengoko ifuna ukulungiswa okungaphantsi komhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, azinamandla njenge-groove welds kwaye zibangela uxinzelelo loxinzelelo. I-Fillet welds ikhethwa kumalungu agxininiswe kancinci apho ukuqina kunokuba amandla alawula ukuyila. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-fillet welds ziboniswe kuMzobo we-17.

1.3. I-Slot kunye ne-welds yeplagi

I-slot kunye ne-plug welds zisetyenziselwa ukuncedisa i-fillet welds apho ubude obufunekayo be-fillet weld bungenakufezekiswa.

2. Ngokusekelwe kwisikhundla se-weld

Ngokusekwe kwindawo ye-weld, ii-welds zinokuhlelwa kwi-weld ye-flat, i-weld ethe tye, i-weld ethe nkqo, phezulu kakuhle njl.

Ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwamalungu

Ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwamalungu, iiwelds zinokuhlelwa zibe ziindawo ezidityanisiweyo ze-butt, i-lap welded joints, ii-weld joints kunye nekona ezidityanisiweyo.

·Uqhagamshelo oluBolted-Welded